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CHANDRAGUPTA, FOUNDER OF MAURYAN EMPIRE
Chandragupta Maurya was the founder of the Mauryan Empire, and is considered the first genuine emperor or king of India. He was born in 340BCE. The Mauryan empire, whose capital was Pataliputra in Eastern India, is acknowledged to be the greatest empire in ancient India, and lasted until 185 BC, fifty years after the death of Chandragupta's famous grandson, Emperor Ashoka the Great. Prior to Chandragupta's consolidation of power, small regional kingdoms dominated Northern and Eastern India.

The Maurya Empire, ruled by the Mauryan dynasty, was the largest and most powerful political and military empire of ancient India. Originating from the kingdom of Magadha in the Indo-Gangetic plains of modern Bihar and Bengal, and with its capital city of Pataliputra (near modern Patna), the Empire was founded in 321 BCE by Chandragupta Maurya, who had overthrown the Nanda Dynasty and begun expanding his power across central and western India. The Empire stretched to the north along the natural boundaries of the Himalayas, and to the east stretching into what is now Assam. To the west, it reached beyond modern Pakistan and included Baluchistan in Persia and significant portions of what is now Afghanistan, including the modern Herat and Kandahar provinces. The Empire was expanded into India's central and southern regions by Emperor Bindusara, but it excluded a small portion of unexplored tribal and forested regions near Kalinga.

Chandragupta is acknowledged as one of the greatest military commanders in ancient India, and his kingdom, which included lands as far as Afghanistan in the West, Bengal in the East, the Deccan plateau in the South and Kashmir in the North, was the greatest power of its day.

Regardless, his achievements, which ranged from defeating Macedonian armies to establishing centralized rule throughout North India, remain some of the most celebrated in Indian history. Two thousand years later, the accomplishments of Chandragupta and his successors are objects of great study in the annals of south Asian and world history.

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