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YOKOHAMA, THE MAJOR PORT CITY OF JAPAN
Yokohama is the capital of Kanagawa Prefecture and is one of Japan's major ports along with those of Kobe, Osaka, Nagoya, Hakata, Tokyo and Chiba. It is Japan's largest incorporated city by population, one of Japan's major seaport, and a commercial hub of the Greater Tokyo Area.Yokohama was a small fishing village up to the end of the feudal Edo period, a time when Japan held a policy of national seclusion, having little contact with Western foreigners. The Port of Yokohama was opened on 2nd June, 1859. July 14th 1853. The Port of Yokohama quickly became the base of foreign trade in Japan. Japan's first English language newspaper, the Japan Herald, was first published in Yokohama in 1861. The city was officially incorporated on April 1, 1889. By the time the extraterritoriality of foreigner areas was abolished in 1899, Yokohama was the most international city in Japan, with foreigner areas stretching from Kannai to the Yamate Bluff area and the large Yokohama Chinatown.
The growth of Japanese industry brought affluence to Yokohama, and many wealthy trading families constructed sprawling residences there, while the rapid influx of population from Japan and Korea also led to the formation of Kojiki-Yato, the largest slum in Japan at the time. Much of Yokohama was destroyed on 1st Sept 1923 by the Great Kanto earthquake, killing an estimated 23,000 people within the city boundaries. Martial law was in place until 19th November. Yokohama was rebuilt, only to be destroyed again by 30-odd US air raids during World War II. During the American occupation, Yokohama was a major transshipment base for American supplies and personnel, especially during the Korean War. The city was designated by government ordinance on September 1, 1956.
The city's tram and trolleybus system was abolished in 1972, the same year as the opening of the first line of Yokohama Municipal Subway. Construction of Minato Mirai 21 ("Port Future 21"), a major urban development project on reclaimed land, started in 1983. The Yokohama Landmark Tower, currently the tallest building in Japan, opened nearby in 1993. The finals for the 2002 FIFA World Cup was held in June at the International Stadium Yokohama. Yokohama Landmark Tower is the highest building in Japan.
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